issue brief
Reference
Civil Liberties
Civil liberties are basic rights and freedoms granted to citizens of a country through national common or statute law.
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Climate Change Levy
The Climate Change Levy (CCL) is an environmental tax on energy supplies to industry, commerce, agriculture, local administration and a number of other services. It does not apply at all to domestic energy supplies.Read More
Class Sizes
"Class size" is a statistical measure employed by the Department for Education which measures the number of pupils taught in a class during a single selected period of a particular school day. This day is usually set to be in January each year to coincide with the Annual School Census.Read More
Cannabis – Medicinal Use
What is Cannabis? Cannabis is a durable hemp plant. The cannabis plant can be used to produce a number of products including seeds, pulp, and medicine. The pulp is used as fuel and to make paper, the seed is used in foods, and the oil from the seed can be used as a base for...Read More
Common Foreign and Security Policy
The Maastricht Treaty of 1993 allows the EU to develop a Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP), covering all areas of foreign and security policy.Read More
Cloning
Cloning is one of the most controversial areas of scientific research of recent times. The term 'cloning' means the asexual reproduction of identical copies of an original, and it is human cloning (and to a lesser extent animal cloning) for reproductive purposes that causes considerable public disquiet.Read More
Common agricultural policy
The key objectives of the common agricultural policy (CAP), as enshrined in the EU treaties, are to: Increase agricultural productivity thus to ensure a fair standard of living for agricultural producers; stabilise markets; assure availability of supplies; ensure reasonable prices to consumers.
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Council Tax – Structure
Local government is financed by a combination of centrally-administered funding and locally-administered charges and taxes - the most significant of which is council tax.Read More
Common Fisheries Policy
The European Union's Common Fisheries Policy (CFP) was adopted in 1983, with the objective of ensuring that declining fish stocks are exploited responsibly - protecting the environment and the interests of the fishing industry and consumers.Read More
Congestion charge
The congestion charge is a daily levy imposed on drivers choosing to drive within central London. It applies between 07:00 and 18:00 on Monday to Friday, excluding public holidays.Read More
Child Support Agency
The Child Support Agency (CSA) is an executive agency of the Department for Work and Pensions, which is responsible for administering the system of child maintenance under which non-resident parents are required to pay towards the upbringing and support of their children.Read More
CCTV
What is CCTV? ‘CCTV’ stands for closed circuit television. CCTV is used for a number of monitoring and surveillance purposes, but is mainly used for security purposes. CCTV involves the use of an unmanned, remotely mounted video camera system, transmitting live pictures back to a television screen where developments can be monitored and recorded. Background...Read More
Crown Prosecution Service
The Crown Prosecution Service (CPS) is an independent judicial agency responsible for the preparation and presentation of criminal prosecutions in the UK.Read More
Cancer Research
What is cancer? Cancer is any malignant growth or tumour caused by abnormal and uncontrolled cell division. It is widely believed that damaged DNA and genes are the ‘driving force’ behind the development of cancer and they are therefore the focus of cancer research. Unlike in healthy cells, damaged DNA is not capable of repair...Read More
Cancer Treatment
Cancer is any malignant growth or tumour caused by abnormal and uncontrolled cell division.Read More
Capital Punishment
Capital punishment is the use of the death penalty by the state.Read More
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